English
English
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The struggle for independence in the Quito Audiencia was part of amovement throughout Spanish America led by criollos (persons of pureSpanish descentb orn in the New World). The criollos resentment of the privileges enjoyed by th epeninsulares was the fuel of revolution against colonial rule. The spark was Napoleon's invasion of Spain, after which hedeposed King Ferdinand VII and, in July 1808, placed hisbrother Joseph Bonaparte on the Spanish throne. Shortly afterward, Spanish citizens, unhappy at the usurpation of thethrone by the French,began organizing local juntas loyal to Ferdinand.A group of Quito's leading citizens followed suit, and on August 10, 1809,hey seized power from the local representatives of Joseph Bonaparte 4 inthe name of Ferdinand. Thus, this early revolt against colonial rule(one of the first in Spanish America) was, para do xically, anexpression ofloyalty to the Spanish king. It quickly became apparent that Quito's criollo rebels lacked the antici 4 pated po pular support for their cause. As loyalist troops approachedQuito, therefore, they peacefully turned power back to the crownauthorities. Despite assurances again streprisals, the returning Spanishauthorities (Bonaparte's men) proved to be mer ciless with the rebels and,in the process offerreting out participants in the Quito re volt, jailed andabused many innocent citizens. They actions, in turn, bred popularresentment among Quiteños, who, after seve ral days of streetfighting in August 1810, won an agreement to be governed by a juntato bedominated by criollos, although with the president of theAudiencia of Quito acting asits figurehead leader. |